Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Sexually
transmitted diseases will be more at risk when having sex with multiple
partners either through vaginal, oral and anal sex. STDs
can cause reproductive infections should be taken seriously.
If not treated properly, the infection can spread and cause pain, prolonged pain, infertility and even death. Women are more at risk for STDs is greater than for men have more reproductive vulnerable. And often result in more severe because early symptoms are not immediately recognizable, while the disease continued to a more severe stage.
Because of the location and shape of a somewhat prominent penis, symptoms of STDs in men more easily recognized, seen, and felt. While the majority of women the symptoms.
1. The spots are filled with fluid, ulcers, or blisters on the area around the genitals.
2. Wound does not hurt, hard and red on the genital area.
3. The warts that grow like a chicken's comb
4. Very intense itching around the genitals.
5. Excruciating pain when urinating
6. Gonorrhea / blood with a foul odor.
7. Swelling heat pain in the groin that eventually become ulcers.
8. Losing weight drastically, prolonged diarrhea, and sweating at night.
While in women include:
1. Pain or pain when urinating or during intercourse.
2. Pain in the lower abdomen.
3. Vaginal discharge
4. Whitish milky white, clotted, and accompanied by intense itching in the genital area
5. Frothy and foul smelling vaginal discharge.
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromeatau Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (disingkatAIDS)
is a collection of symptoms and infections (or: syndrome) is caused by damage to the human immune system caused by HIV infection or infection with other viruses that attack similar to other species (SIV, FIV, etc.).
Self virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short) is the virus that weakens the immunity of the human body. People who are exposed to the virus will become vulnerable to opportunistic infections or tumors susceptible. Although there has been handling can slow the spread of the virus, but the disease is not completely curable.
HIV and the virus-like viruses are generally transmitted by direct contact between the skin layers (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. Transmission can occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other forms of contact with the body fluids.
Scientists have generally found that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa. Today AIDS has become a disease. AIDS estimated 38.6 million people worldwide. In January 2006, UNAIDS in collaboration with the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981. Thus, this disease is one of the deadliest plague in history. AIDS claimed to have caused the death of as many as 2.4 to 3.3 million in 2005 alone, and more than 570,000 of them are children. A third of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, retarding economic growth and destroying human strength there. Antiretroviral treatment can actually reduce the death rate and severity of HIV infection, but access to treatment is not available in all countries.
Social penalty for people with HIV / AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with other deadly disease. Sometimes social punishment were also tertimpakan to health workers or volunteers, who are involved in caring for people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA).
Symptoms and complications
Various symptoms of AIDS are generally not going to happen in people who have a good immune system. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are normally controlled by the elements of the immune system that HIV damages. Were common opportunistic infection in people with AIDS. HIV affects nearly every organ of the body. AIDS patients are also at risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer and cancers of the immune system known as lymphomas.
People with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection, such as fever, sweats (particularly at night), swollen glands, chills, weakness, and weight loss. Specific opportunistic infections that AIDS patients, also depends on the prevalence of these infections in the geographic area where the patient lives.
AIDS is the most severe form of the consequences of HIV infection. HIV is a retrovirus that usually attacks the vital organs of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells (a type of T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV destroys CD4 + T cells directly and indirectly, whereas CD4 + T cells necessary for the immune system to function properly. If HIV has killed CD4 + T cells to shrink in number to less than 200 per microliter (mL) of blood, then the immunity at the cellular level will be lost, and the result is a condition called AIDS. Acute HIV infection will progress to clinically latent infection, and symptoms of early HIV infection and ultimately AIDS; were identified by examining the number of CD4 + T cells in the blood and the presence of certain infections.
Without antiretroviral therapy, median duration of progression of HIV infection to AIDS is nine to ten years, and the average survival time after an AIDS only about 9.2 months. [25] However, the rate of progression of the disease varies greatly in each person , from two weeks to 20 years. Many factors that influence it, such is the power of the body to defend against HIV (such as immune function) from an infected person. Parents generally have weaker immune systems than younger people, and thus more at risk of rapid disease progression. Less access to health care and the existence of other infections such as tuberculosis, can also accelerate the development of this disease. Genetic inheritance infected person also plays an important role. Some people are naturally resistant to multiple HIV variants. HIV genetic variation and has several different forms, which will cause the rate of clinical disease progression is different also. Highly active antiretroviral therapy will be able to extend the average time berkembangannya AIDS, and the average survival time of patients capabilities.
Sexual Transmission
Transmission (transmission) sexual HIV occurs when there is contact between vaginal secretions or fluids preseminal person with the rectal, genital or oral mucous membranes partner. Sexual intercourse unprotected receptive riskier than unprotected insertive sexual intercourse, and the risk of anal intercourse is greater than the risk of regular intercourse and oral sex. Oral sex is not without risk because HIV can enter through both insertive and receptive oral sex. Sexual assault greatly increases the risk of HIV transmission as protection is rarely used and often physical trauma to the vaginal cavity which facilitates the transmission of HIV. Sexually transmitted diseases increase the risk of HIV transmission because it can lead to disruption of the normal epithelial tissue as a result of a genital ulcer, and also because of the accumulation of HIV-infected cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) in semen and vaginal secretions. Epidemiological studies from sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, and North America showed that there were approximately four times greater risk of becoming infected with HIV as a result of a genital ulcer such as those caused by syphilis and / atauchancroid. The risk is also increased significantly, albeit smaller, the presence of sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, infeksichlam ydia, and trichomoniasis which cause local accumulations of lymphocytes and macrophages.
Transmission of HIV depends on the infectiousness of the index case and the susceptibility of the uninfected partner. Infectivity seems to vary at different stages of illness and is not constant between individuals. Plasma viral load was undetectable does not necessarily mean that the viral load in the seminal liquid or genital secretions. Every 10 times the increase in the number of blood plasma HIV RNA comparable to the 81% increase in the rate of HIV transmission. Women are more susceptible to HIV-1 infection due to hormonal changes, vaginal microbial ecology and physiology, and greater vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases. People infected with HIV can still be infected by other, more virulent strains.
Contamination of blood-borne pathogens
Transmission route is particularly associated with injecting drug users, hemophiliacs, and recipients of blood transfusions and blood products. Sharing and reusing syringes (syringe) containing blood contaminated by biological organisms that cause disease (pathogens), not only is the primary risk of HIV infection, but also hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Needle sharing is the cause of one third of all new HIV infections and 50% of hepatitis C infections in North America, China, and Eastern Europe. Risk of becoming infected with HIV from a single prick with a needle used HIV-infected persons estimated to be about 1 in 150.
Post-exposure prophylaxis with anti-HIV drugs can further reduce risk. Worker
health facilities (nurses, laboratory workers, doctors, etc.) also feared even more rare. This transmission route can also occur in people who give and receive a tattoo and body piercing. Universal precautions are often not adhered to in both sub-Saharan Africa and Asia because of lack of resources and inadequate training. WHO estimates that 2.5% of all HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa are transmitted through injection at a health facility that is not safe. [41] Therefore, the General Assembly of the United Nations, supported by the general medical opinion on the issue, prompting the state- country in the world to implement precautions to prevent HIV transmission through health facilities.
The risk of HIV transmission to recipients of blood transfusion is very small in developed countries. In developed countries, improved donor selection and HIV surveillance conducted. However, according to WHO, the majority of the world's population does not have access to safe blood and "between 5% and 10% of HIV infections worldwide occur through transfusion of infected blood.
Perinatal transmission
Transmission of HIV from mother to child can occur in utero (in utero) during masaperinatal, the last weeks of pregnancy and at birth. If not treated, the rate of transmission from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery is 25%. However, if the mother has access to antiretroviral therapy and delivery by caesarean section, the rate of transmission is just 1%. A number of factors may influence the risk of infection, particularly the viral load in the mother at birth (the higher the viral load, the higher the risk). Breastfeeding increases the risk of transmission of 4%.
Going Further with HIV / AIDS and Penanggulanggannya
Until now, heard of HIV / AIDS as a terrible scourge. In fact, if understood in
logical, HIV / AIDS could be easily avoided. How is it?
The prevalence of HIV / AIDS in Indonesia has been moving at a very alarming rate. In 1987, cases of HIV / AIDS was found for the first time only on the island of Bali. While the present (2007), almost all provinces in Indonesia have been found in cases of HIV / AIDS.
The problem of HIV / AIDS have long been an issue with that kept the attention of various circles, especially the health sector. But the fact is a lot of information and understanding of these health problems are still unknown by the public further.
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV present in the body fluids such as blood, sexual fluids (semen or vaginal fluids that have been infected) and breast milk that has been infected. While AIDS is a syndrome of immunodeficiency caused by HIV. People who develop AIDS very easily infected by various diseases because the immune system of patients have menurun.HIV be transmitted to others through:
Sexual intercourse (anal, oral, vaginal) the unprotected (without a condom) with someone
who have been infected with HIV.
Syringes / piercings / tattoos are not sterile and used interchangeably
Getting a blood transfusion containing the HIV virus
HIV positive mother to her baby while in the womb, during delivery or through
breast milk (ASI)
Transmission
HIV is not transmitted through normal social relationships such as shaking hands, touching, regular kissing, hugging, use eating and drinking utensils, mosquito bites, swimming pool, use the bathroom or WC / Toilet equal to or live at home with people living with HIV / AIDS ( PLHIV). PLWHA are living with HIV or AIDS. While OHIDA (People living with HIV or AIDS) the family (kids, wife, husband, father, mother) or friends of people living with HIV or AIDS.
More than 80% of HIV infection affects the productive age group, especially men, but the proportion of women with HIV are likely to increase. Infections in infants and children, 90% occur from mother with HIV. Until a couple of years, a person with HIV do not show clinical symptoms of HIV infection, however, the person may pass on to others. After that, AIDS began to grow and show signs or symptoms of clinical signs gejala.Tanda AIDS:
1. Weight loss of more than 10% in 1 month
2. Chronic diarrhea that lasts more than 1 month
3. More prolonged fever of1 month
4. Impairment of consciousness and neurological disorders
5. Dementia / HIV encephalopathy
Minor symptoms:
1. Cough lasts more than 1 month
2. Generalized dermatitis are itchy
3. The existence of multisegmental Herpes zoster and recurrent
4. Recurrent yeast infections in the female genital
HIV and AIDS can affect anyone. But at the risk of vulnerable groups have
HIV causes AIDS, that is:
1. People who behave sexually with multiple partners without using a condom
2. Injecting drug users who use needles together
3. Sexual partners of injecting drug users
4. Babies whose mothers are HIV positive
HIV can be prevented by breaking the chain of transmission, ie, using condoms during every sexual risk, do not use needles with children together, and where possible not breast-feed the child when the mother is HIV positive. Until now there is no medicine that can cure AIDS, but there is a cure for the HIV virus that suppresses the development of quality of life of people living with HIV is increasing. This drug must be taken for life.
Definition
Acute infection caused by bacteria neiserria gonorrhoe (gonococcus) and resemble beans, only grows in warm and moist membranes, among others: the anus and genetalia.
Symptom
The incubation period between 2-10 gonorrhoe (about 2 weeks) days after the patient was first infected. The symptoms generally gonorrhoe: spending secretions (purulent), dysuria, malaise, headache and regional limpadenopati.
In women did not show any physical symptoms until the phase nyeripada back, abdominal and pelvic pain (PID), cervix and Bartolini gland was swollen.
Some men who are infected show symptoms of the following: a foul odor in the area genetalia, thick secretions dripping tip of the penis and the pain when urinating.
Modes of Transmission
Gonorrhoe Infection occurs through physical contact (sexual) directly without the use of "protective" and ignore safe sex.
Test (diagnostics)
Enforcement gonorrhoe diagnosis through examination of samples taken from: specimens of the oral mucosa, bladder, cervix (in women), the open end of the penis (in men) and the anal canal using a sponge (especially) small size where the sponge will absorb the liquid ( specimens) which will be examined and test results are usually available within 1 week.
Caring and Curing
Gonorrhoe curable mmelalui role in high-dose antibiotic medication (eg: penicilline). Ironically, this causes the bacteria will become resistant / resistant. Research continues to be developed for the discovery of more adequate medication, specific and efficient.
Complication
Identify complications gonorrhoe: infertility, dermatitis, arthritis, endocarditis, myoperikarditis, meningitis and even hepatitis.
Prevention
Perform routine checks and not mutually spouse, applying a healthy sexual relationship and "safe". One thing that is not less important, keeping the body especially the genital area.
Definition
Warts on the genitals (in contrast to warts / little bumps that sometimes occur in the legs, arms and back) is one part of the STD human papilloma virus which consists of 100 different variations of the virus. Inspection (observation) pimples warts genital warts look like normal, it's just there are not just one or two but many and clustered, very small and often invisible.
Symptom
Early symptoms of viral emergence is characterized by a group of warts around the genitals (genetalia), rectum and gluteus. Even in some cases stated that the warts are found on the inside of the vagina. Veneral would be in pain when scratched (especially when in the vagina) and sometimes itchy. Usually it takes 3 months for veneral to grow, although at times it only took 3 weeks.
Modes of Transmission
Veneral be one sexually transmitted infection spreading fastest. The virus can be contracted through direct physical contact (sexual intercourse) with an infected person, even just touch it you can get infected, veneral Moreover, very small (hard to avoid).
Usually the patient's body will make antibodies against the virus that spread to other parts of the body that will not happen.
Test (diagnostics)
The first step, performed a visual inspection using a special tool. Once diagnosed the nodule was veneral, will be given medication that white nodule.
In female patients, infected with veneral usually diagnosed after a pap smear done when the test results show abnormal cell growth. Can also through examination of tissue samples from the cervix (cervical)
In male patients, tissue samples taken from drain urine.
Caring and Curing
Have not found veneral drug specific and adequate. Very likely veneral be lost with sendirinyameski virus is still lagging behind in the patient's body. Current treatment focuses on the removal of the wart with a "cool" or "burn" nyadengan chemicals. Another alternative to surgically cut
Complication
Veneral will become more complex when present in the cervix (neck of the womb) because it could be a marker for the presence of one or more human papilloma virus can lead to cervical ca-.
Prevention
Prevention of infectious veneral be through actions: avoid direct physical contact (wear protective / condom during sexual intercourse) with the patient, keeping the body's immune system through rest, exercise and balanced nutrition.
If not treated properly, the infection can spread and cause pain, prolonged pain, infertility and even death. Women are more at risk for STDs is greater than for men have more reproductive vulnerable. And often result in more severe because early symptoms are not immediately recognizable, while the disease continued to a more severe stage.
Because of the location and shape of a somewhat prominent penis, symptoms of STDs in men more easily recognized, seen, and felt. While the majority of women the symptoms.
1. The spots are filled with fluid, ulcers, or blisters on the area around the genitals.
2. Wound does not hurt, hard and red on the genital area.
3. The warts that grow like a chicken's comb
4. Very intense itching around the genitals.
5. Excruciating pain when urinating
6. Gonorrhea / blood with a foul odor.
7. Swelling heat pain in the groin that eventually become ulcers.
8. Losing weight drastically, prolonged diarrhea, and sweating at night.
While in women include:
1. Pain or pain when urinating or during intercourse.
2. Pain in the lower abdomen.
3. Vaginal discharge
4. Whitish milky white, clotted, and accompanied by intense itching in the genital area
5. Frothy and foul smelling vaginal discharge.
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromeatau Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (disingkatAIDS)
is a collection of symptoms and infections (or: syndrome) is caused by damage to the human immune system caused by HIV infection or infection with other viruses that attack similar to other species (SIV, FIV, etc.).
Self virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short) is the virus that weakens the immunity of the human body. People who are exposed to the virus will become vulnerable to opportunistic infections or tumors susceptible. Although there has been handling can slow the spread of the virus, but the disease is not completely curable.
HIV and the virus-like viruses are generally transmitted by direct contact between the skin layers (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. Transmission can occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other forms of contact with the body fluids.
Scientists have generally found that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa. Today AIDS has become a disease. AIDS estimated 38.6 million people worldwide. In January 2006, UNAIDS in collaboration with the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981. Thus, this disease is one of the deadliest plague in history. AIDS claimed to have caused the death of as many as 2.4 to 3.3 million in 2005 alone, and more than 570,000 of them are children. A third of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, retarding economic growth and destroying human strength there. Antiretroviral treatment can actually reduce the death rate and severity of HIV infection, but access to treatment is not available in all countries.
Social penalty for people with HIV / AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with other deadly disease. Sometimes social punishment were also tertimpakan to health workers or volunteers, who are involved in caring for people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA).
Symptoms and complications
Various symptoms of AIDS are generally not going to happen in people who have a good immune system. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are normally controlled by the elements of the immune system that HIV damages. Were common opportunistic infection in people with AIDS. HIV affects nearly every organ of the body. AIDS patients are also at risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer and cancers of the immune system known as lymphomas.
People with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection, such as fever, sweats (particularly at night), swollen glands, chills, weakness, and weight loss. Specific opportunistic infections that AIDS patients, also depends on the prevalence of these infections in the geographic area where the patient lives.
AIDS is the most severe form of the consequences of HIV infection. HIV is a retrovirus that usually attacks the vital organs of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells (a type of T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV destroys CD4 + T cells directly and indirectly, whereas CD4 + T cells necessary for the immune system to function properly. If HIV has killed CD4 + T cells to shrink in number to less than 200 per microliter (mL) of blood, then the immunity at the cellular level will be lost, and the result is a condition called AIDS. Acute HIV infection will progress to clinically latent infection, and symptoms of early HIV infection and ultimately AIDS; were identified by examining the number of CD4 + T cells in the blood and the presence of certain infections.
Without antiretroviral therapy, median duration of progression of HIV infection to AIDS is nine to ten years, and the average survival time after an AIDS only about 9.2 months. [25] However, the rate of progression of the disease varies greatly in each person , from two weeks to 20 years. Many factors that influence it, such is the power of the body to defend against HIV (such as immune function) from an infected person. Parents generally have weaker immune systems than younger people, and thus more at risk of rapid disease progression. Less access to health care and the existence of other infections such as tuberculosis, can also accelerate the development of this disease. Genetic inheritance infected person also plays an important role. Some people are naturally resistant to multiple HIV variants. HIV genetic variation and has several different forms, which will cause the rate of clinical disease progression is different also. Highly active antiretroviral therapy will be able to extend the average time berkembangannya AIDS, and the average survival time of patients capabilities.
Sexual Transmission
Transmission (transmission) sexual HIV occurs when there is contact between vaginal secretions or fluids preseminal person with the rectal, genital or oral mucous membranes partner. Sexual intercourse unprotected receptive riskier than unprotected insertive sexual intercourse, and the risk of anal intercourse is greater than the risk of regular intercourse and oral sex. Oral sex is not without risk because HIV can enter through both insertive and receptive oral sex. Sexual assault greatly increases the risk of HIV transmission as protection is rarely used and often physical trauma to the vaginal cavity which facilitates the transmission of HIV. Sexually transmitted diseases increase the risk of HIV transmission because it can lead to disruption of the normal epithelial tissue as a result of a genital ulcer, and also because of the accumulation of HIV-infected cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) in semen and vaginal secretions. Epidemiological studies from sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, and North America showed that there were approximately four times greater risk of becoming infected with HIV as a result of a genital ulcer such as those caused by syphilis and / atauchancroid. The risk is also increased significantly, albeit smaller, the presence of sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, infeksichlam ydia, and trichomoniasis which cause local accumulations of lymphocytes and macrophages.
Transmission of HIV depends on the infectiousness of the index case and the susceptibility of the uninfected partner. Infectivity seems to vary at different stages of illness and is not constant between individuals. Plasma viral load was undetectable does not necessarily mean that the viral load in the seminal liquid or genital secretions. Every 10 times the increase in the number of blood plasma HIV RNA comparable to the 81% increase in the rate of HIV transmission. Women are more susceptible to HIV-1 infection due to hormonal changes, vaginal microbial ecology and physiology, and greater vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases. People infected with HIV can still be infected by other, more virulent strains.
Contamination of blood-borne pathogens
Transmission route is particularly associated with injecting drug users, hemophiliacs, and recipients of blood transfusions and blood products. Sharing and reusing syringes (syringe) containing blood contaminated by biological organisms that cause disease (pathogens), not only is the primary risk of HIV infection, but also hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Needle sharing is the cause of one third of all new HIV infections and 50% of hepatitis C infections in North America, China, and Eastern Europe. Risk of becoming infected with HIV from a single prick with a needle used HIV-infected persons estimated to be about 1 in 150.
Post-exposure prophylaxis with anti-HIV drugs can further reduce risk. Worker
health facilities (nurses, laboratory workers, doctors, etc.) also feared even more rare. This transmission route can also occur in people who give and receive a tattoo and body piercing. Universal precautions are often not adhered to in both sub-Saharan Africa and Asia because of lack of resources and inadequate training. WHO estimates that 2.5% of all HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa are transmitted through injection at a health facility that is not safe. [41] Therefore, the General Assembly of the United Nations, supported by the general medical opinion on the issue, prompting the state- country in the world to implement precautions to prevent HIV transmission through health facilities.
The risk of HIV transmission to recipients of blood transfusion is very small in developed countries. In developed countries, improved donor selection and HIV surveillance conducted. However, according to WHO, the majority of the world's population does not have access to safe blood and "between 5% and 10% of HIV infections worldwide occur through transfusion of infected blood.
Perinatal transmission
Transmission of HIV from mother to child can occur in utero (in utero) during masaperinatal, the last weeks of pregnancy and at birth. If not treated, the rate of transmission from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery is 25%. However, if the mother has access to antiretroviral therapy and delivery by caesarean section, the rate of transmission is just 1%. A number of factors may influence the risk of infection, particularly the viral load in the mother at birth (the higher the viral load, the higher the risk). Breastfeeding increases the risk of transmission of 4%.
Going Further with HIV / AIDS and Penanggulanggannya
Until now, heard of HIV / AIDS as a terrible scourge. In fact, if understood in
logical, HIV / AIDS could be easily avoided. How is it?
The prevalence of HIV / AIDS in Indonesia has been moving at a very alarming rate. In 1987, cases of HIV / AIDS was found for the first time only on the island of Bali. While the present (2007), almost all provinces in Indonesia have been found in cases of HIV / AIDS.
The problem of HIV / AIDS have long been an issue with that kept the attention of various circles, especially the health sector. But the fact is a lot of information and understanding of these health problems are still unknown by the public further.
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV present in the body fluids such as blood, sexual fluids (semen or vaginal fluids that have been infected) and breast milk that has been infected. While AIDS is a syndrome of immunodeficiency caused by HIV. People who develop AIDS very easily infected by various diseases because the immune system of patients have menurun.HIV be transmitted to others through:
Sexual intercourse (anal, oral, vaginal) the unprotected (without a condom) with someone
who have been infected with HIV.
Syringes / piercings / tattoos are not sterile and used interchangeably
Getting a blood transfusion containing the HIV virus
HIV positive mother to her baby while in the womb, during delivery or through
breast milk (ASI)
Transmission
HIV is not transmitted through normal social relationships such as shaking hands, touching, regular kissing, hugging, use eating and drinking utensils, mosquito bites, swimming pool, use the bathroom or WC / Toilet equal to or live at home with people living with HIV / AIDS ( PLHIV). PLWHA are living with HIV or AIDS. While OHIDA (People living with HIV or AIDS) the family (kids, wife, husband, father, mother) or friends of people living with HIV or AIDS.
More than 80% of HIV infection affects the productive age group, especially men, but the proportion of women with HIV are likely to increase. Infections in infants and children, 90% occur from mother with HIV. Until a couple of years, a person with HIV do not show clinical symptoms of HIV infection, however, the person may pass on to others. After that, AIDS began to grow and show signs or symptoms of clinical signs gejala.Tanda AIDS:
1. Weight loss of more than 10% in 1 month
2. Chronic diarrhea that lasts more than 1 month
3. More prolonged fever of1 month
4. Impairment of consciousness and neurological disorders
5. Dementia / HIV encephalopathy
Minor symptoms:
1. Cough lasts more than 1 month
2. Generalized dermatitis are itchy
3. The existence of multisegmental Herpes zoster and recurrent
4. Recurrent yeast infections in the female genital
HIV and AIDS can affect anyone. But at the risk of vulnerable groups have
HIV causes AIDS, that is:
1. People who behave sexually with multiple partners without using a condom
2. Injecting drug users who use needles together
3. Sexual partners of injecting drug users
4. Babies whose mothers are HIV positive
HIV can be prevented by breaking the chain of transmission, ie, using condoms during every sexual risk, do not use needles with children together, and where possible not breast-feed the child when the mother is HIV positive. Until now there is no medicine that can cure AIDS, but there is a cure for the HIV virus that suppresses the development of quality of life of people living with HIV is increasing. This drug must be taken for life.
Definition
Acute infection caused by bacteria neiserria gonorrhoe (gonococcus) and resemble beans, only grows in warm and moist membranes, among others: the anus and genetalia.
Symptom
The incubation period between 2-10 gonorrhoe (about 2 weeks) days after the patient was first infected. The symptoms generally gonorrhoe: spending secretions (purulent), dysuria, malaise, headache and regional limpadenopati.
In women did not show any physical symptoms until the phase nyeripada back, abdominal and pelvic pain (PID), cervix and Bartolini gland was swollen.
Some men who are infected show symptoms of the following: a foul odor in the area genetalia, thick secretions dripping tip of the penis and the pain when urinating.
Modes of Transmission
Gonorrhoe Infection occurs through physical contact (sexual) directly without the use of "protective" and ignore safe sex.
Test (diagnostics)
Enforcement gonorrhoe diagnosis through examination of samples taken from: specimens of the oral mucosa, bladder, cervix (in women), the open end of the penis (in men) and the anal canal using a sponge (especially) small size where the sponge will absorb the liquid ( specimens) which will be examined and test results are usually available within 1 week.
Caring and Curing
Gonorrhoe curable mmelalui role in high-dose antibiotic medication (eg: penicilline). Ironically, this causes the bacteria will become resistant / resistant. Research continues to be developed for the discovery of more adequate medication, specific and efficient.
Complication
Identify complications gonorrhoe: infertility, dermatitis, arthritis, endocarditis, myoperikarditis, meningitis and even hepatitis.
Prevention
Perform routine checks and not mutually spouse, applying a healthy sexual relationship and "safe". One thing that is not less important, keeping the body especially the genital area.
Definition
Warts on the genitals (in contrast to warts / little bumps that sometimes occur in the legs, arms and back) is one part of the STD human papilloma virus which consists of 100 different variations of the virus. Inspection (observation) pimples warts genital warts look like normal, it's just there are not just one or two but many and clustered, very small and often invisible.
Symptom
Early symptoms of viral emergence is characterized by a group of warts around the genitals (genetalia), rectum and gluteus. Even in some cases stated that the warts are found on the inside of the vagina. Veneral would be in pain when scratched (especially when in the vagina) and sometimes itchy. Usually it takes 3 months for veneral to grow, although at times it only took 3 weeks.
Modes of Transmission
Veneral be one sexually transmitted infection spreading fastest. The virus can be contracted through direct physical contact (sexual intercourse) with an infected person, even just touch it you can get infected, veneral Moreover, very small (hard to avoid).
Usually the patient's body will make antibodies against the virus that spread to other parts of the body that will not happen.
Test (diagnostics)
The first step, performed a visual inspection using a special tool. Once diagnosed the nodule was veneral, will be given medication that white nodule.
In female patients, infected with veneral usually diagnosed after a pap smear done when the test results show abnormal cell growth. Can also through examination of tissue samples from the cervix (cervical)
In male patients, tissue samples taken from drain urine.
Caring and Curing
Have not found veneral drug specific and adequate. Very likely veneral be lost with sendirinyameski virus is still lagging behind in the patient's body. Current treatment focuses on the removal of the wart with a "cool" or "burn" nyadengan chemicals. Another alternative to surgically cut
Complication
Veneral will become more complex when present in the cervix (neck of the womb) because it could be a marker for the presence of one or more human papilloma virus can lead to cervical ca-.
Prevention
Prevention of infectious veneral be through actions: avoid direct physical contact (wear protective / condom during sexual intercourse) with the patient, keeping the body's immune system through rest, exercise and balanced nutrition.
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